10.FEW TIPS ON FAIR PERSUASION

1.  Always make sure your audience is paying attention.

 2. Pay close attention to their facial expressions, facial expressions can tell you a lot about how the person is perceiving your information. Ex Yawning and rolling eyes probably means that they do not care about what you are talking about. When your in that situation switch topics about what your talking about.

 3. Timing ! Make sure you have good timing and know when to approach the person you are trying to persuade. If their boyfriend/girlfriend just broke up with them then obvioulsly thats not the right time because when you do go in for a conversation you are likely to get rejected or they might not want to talk at all. If the person you are trying to persuade has had a smile on all day then you know you might have a better chance.

4. Many people share similar ideas about what's fair and desirable. Show your audience that your values and ideas enmesh with their own. Again, you need to put yourself in their shoes, understand their concerns, and be sympathetic to their feelings.

5. Any persuasive argument, be it a speech, an essay, or a sales pitch, has a clear structure. Verbally, a successful structure is about repetition and placement. When listing reasons why people should listen to you, save your most powerful points for last, as they will linger in the minds of your captive audience. Also, repeat your most important arguments. Repetition establishes a pattern that remains in the memory.

6. A point of view is not an opinion. An opinion results from a point of view. A point of view is exactly what it says. It is the point from which each person sees the situation. You and the other person will have different point of view. Make sure that you understand the point of view of the other person and also make sure that your point of view is understood. Show respect for the other party by asking them to explain their point of view first. Take the trouble to really understand it. You will then have earned the right to ask the other party listen as you explain your point of view.

7. Apparently there is no doubt that you can use hypnosis to persuade and that it works very powerfully. It is certainly an unusual method to use. Do not reject the possibility of using it because it is covert. I do not know much about it. The important point is never to use it in a way that is unethical or unlawful. Respect the rights of others at all times. Treat others as you would want to be treated.

please comment your thoughts and tips.

image source: (2011). how to persuade people. (2011). [Print Photo]. Retrieved from http://wordexpertise.com/commercial-offer/how-to-persuade-people/

source: Bartels , J. [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Persuasion-Tips&id=1285774

9.LEARNING HOW TO USE LOGOS IN RHESTORIC STYLE

Finally, a writer appeals to readers through the appeal to the readers' sense of logos. This is commonly called the logical appeal, and you can use two different types of logic. You can use inductive logic by giving your readers a bunch of similar examples and then drawing from them a general proposition. This logic is pretty simple given this, that, and the other thing-poof, there you go, a conclusion. Or, you can use the deductive enthymeme by giving your readers a few general propositions and then drawing from them a specific truth. Like, "because such-'n-such is true and such-'n-such is true and such-'n-such is true and everybody agrees on this other thing, then-poof, stands to reason, a new truth.

Since the time that a bunch of guys called "The Royal Society" (Hume, Locke, Bacon, etc.) rejected deduction, our culture has generally favored induction because it's often called the "scientific method" and we like science. Historically, people have also attributed feminine metaphors to deductive logic and then easily dismissed it or dismissed the general propositions as "not documented" or "old wives tales."

Add your ideas to use logos in rhetoric style.

video source: 

Logos ethos pathos [Theater]. (2010). Available from http://youtu.be/_FB-ZsEaM8I

source: Retrieved from http://www.fallriverschools.org/Sweeney/The Art of Rhetoric.pdf

8. LOGOS

Logos refers to an appeal to reason based on logic. Logical conclusions come from assumptions and decisions derived from weighing a collection of solid facts and statistics. Academic arguments (research papers) rely on logos.Inductive reasoning takes a specific representative case or facts and then draws generalizations or conclusions from them. Inductive reasoning must be based on a sufficient amount of reliable evidence. In other words, the facts you draw on must fairly represent the larger situation or population.

An example of an argument that relies on logos is the argument that smoking is harmful based on the evidence that "Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer."

Logos is all about to make people think that what is reasonable about your product. let us take an example of Erick again, Erick want his mother to order pizza. so let us see how logos help Erick in convince his mom. Erick say to his mom, " hey mom i have read somewhere that pizza is good for our health. it contains all the food particles together in it." Now Erick's mom is probably thinking that Erick is very thoughtful. He had good reasons to make her order a pizza. So i should order the pizza for him. This is way logos help up persuade people by providing reasons.


I shall be thankful if you add comments an give some more examples on logos.

image source: (2011). content premises- persuasion. (2011). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.docstoc.com/docs/106244306/Content-Premises---Persuasion

source: Fleming, G. [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://homeworktips.about.com/od/paperassignments/a/Ethos-Logos-And-Pathos.htm

 

 

7. LEARN HOW TO USE PATHOS IN RHETORIC STYLE

Pathos works best with techniques like narration, description, juxtaposition,

and artful repetition. Pathos makes effective "hooks" (exciting introductions

that involve readers with an argument) or powerful conclusions that wrap up

an argument. Pathos ensures that readers are involved in the argument; it

appeals to the human love of storytelling and detail.

Rhetorical appeals can be achieved through:

Visual Information Structure; this includes how the text looks on the screen. This is achieved through the appearance of such things as the titles and the headings.

Color; this includes the color of the text, the background, and the graphics. The contrast of the colors of each of these items is also important.

Graphic Images; this includes the other information in the document aside from the text. This is achieved through such things as icons, buttons, and photos.

Pathos in rhetoric style, In my view this is the best way to gain people's credibility. We can persuade people by knowing that what  meets their taste. Let me elaborate this by giving you an example. An international company launched their smartphone in the market. what do they do to promote their product? They can upload the reviews of their phone on social networking sites or on youtube. so the people can easily get their product in attention. They can create world premier to introduce the new features that people will love to have in their phones. This is the example of how to use pathos in rhetoric style.

Give your comments below and let me know what more can be added in this topic.

source: Retrieved from http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Pathos_Handout01.pdf

video source: Rhetoric-pathos only [Web]. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wUX432e19bE

6. WHAT IS MEANT BY PATHOS

Pathos- A quality, as of an experience or a work of art, that arouses feelings of pity, sympathy, tenderness, or sorrow.

source: Pathos. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.answers.com/topic/pathos

Pathos (Emotional) means persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions. We can look at texts ranging from classic essays to contemporary advertisements to see how pathos, emotional appeals, are used to persuade. Language choice affects the audience's emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument.

Dangers exist with pathos, however. Emotional arguments tend to work best

with uneducated audiences who are too lazy to think things through. This

approach tends to obscure or conceal logical fallacies and inconsistencies,

which may be great for evil demagogues (Hitler comes to mind), but these

logical errors should be avoided in honest, open intellectual debate. Use

pathos to put spirit as well as intellect in your writing, but use it ethically,

rather than painting emotion over weak arguments too frail to stand up on

the merits of their reason alone.

As we read in this topic that Pathos are the way to persuade our audience emotionally. In this, speaker want his audience to feel the same way he does. Let us take an example of a child name Erick. Erick want to persuade his mom to order a pizza for him. So he may use pathos to persuade his mom by saying " hey mom, lets order a pizza. You know why i want pizza in lunch because i love pizzas. You know when i eat pizza it makes me feel happy." Now Erick's mom gets to think that she likes pizza too. It makes me happy and it makes Erick happy too. so i should order pizza for lunch. This is the way pathos work.


I want your examples or comments on this topic. i would be really appreciable. 


source: Wheelar, D. (n.d.). Rheotric. Pathos, Retrieved from http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/pathos.html

5. LEARN HOW TO USE ETHOS IN RHETORICAL STYLE

"The contrasting views of Cicero and Quintilian about the aims of rhetoric and the function of ethos are reminiscent of Plato's and Aristotle's differences of opinion about whether or not moral virtue in the speaker is intrinsic and prerequisite or selected and strategically presented."

source: 

johnson, N. (n.d.). ethos and aims of rhetoric. In A. Lunsford (Ed.), eassays on classical rhetoric and modern discourse

According to Aristotle, our perception of a speaker or writer's character influences how believable or convincing we find what that person has to say. This projected character is called the speaker or writer's ethos. We are naturally more likely to be persuaded by a person who, we think, has personal warmth, consideration of others, a good mind and solid learning. Often we know something of the character of speakers and writers ahead of time. They come with a reputation or extrinsic ethos. People whose education, experience, and previous performances qualify them to speak on a certain issue earn the special extrinsic ethos of the authority. But whether or not we know anything about the speaker or writer ahead of time, the actual text we hear or read, the way it is written or spoken and what it says, always conveys and impression of the author's character. This impression created by the text itself is the intrinsic ethos.

Institutions, public roles and publications also project an ethos or credibility. 


Let us assume, for example, that The New York Times is a more credible source than the Weekly World News or the National Inquirer. And we usually assume that a person selected for a position of responsibility or honor is more credible than someone without official sanction. These expectations about credibility and ethos are occasionally disappointed.

Q.1 In your opinion using ethos in rhetorical style is best way of persuasion or how it is fair in persuasion? give your comments

source: Nordquist, R. [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://grammar.about.com/od/e/g/ethosterm.htm

4. ETHOS

Ethos refers to trustworthiness of the person. Speaker often conveys ethos through style of the message or tone or through the way he/ she refers to differing views. It is also affected by speakers reputation (experience, previous record, etc ) as it exists independently from the message. The impact of Ethos is often called the argument's ethical appeal's or the appeal from credibility. When a speaker tries to gain credibility and the audience's trust, either with a prestigious position in society or saying that the speaker as same as the audience ( for example:- a doctor who wrote a medical report over a high school writing similar piece. bring a doctor to ethos).


According to me, This modes refers to the professional persuasion. Person who is specialist in his own field can easily persuade people with his own knowledge. I want to give an example of 'Steve Jobs' the owner of world famous corporation 'Apple'. When ever Apple introduce any new product to the market, he try to persuade people to buy that product by providing knowledge about the best feature of their corporation in professional way. This is the main example of ETHOS.


I would really appreciate your comments on this topic.

image source: 

(2009). Values. (2009). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.yudu.com/ethos.php

source: Dlugan, A. (2010, january 24).  Retrieved from http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/ethos-pathos-logos/

3. MODES OF PERSUASION

 "Off the modes of persuasion furnished by spoken words there are three kind. The first kind depends upon the personal character of the speaker; the second on putting the audience in to certain frame of mind; the third on the proof, or apparent proof, provided by the words of the speech itself. Persuasion is achieved by the speaker’s personal character when the speech is so spoken as to make us think him credible"  - Aristotle

source: aristotle. "1356a." Aristotle's rhetoric. Web. . http://rhetoric.eserver.org/aristotle/rhet1-2.html.


Basically there are main 3 modes of persuasion.let us discuss all those three modes of persuasion below:


1. Ethos
2. Pathos
3. Logos


ETHOS
Ethos is a greek word meaning 'character'. Ethos is appeal to the authority and honesty of the presenter. It is how well the presenter convince the audience that he or she is qualified to present on the particular subject. Ethos also used to defines the ideals or the guiding beliefs that describes a community, nation or ideology. It can be done in many ways:

• By being a notable figure in the field in question, such as a college professor or an executive of an company whose business is that of the subject.
• By having a vested interest in a matter, such as the person being related to the subject in question.

• By appealing to a person's ethics or character.

PATHOS
Pathos is an appeal to the audience's emotions. It can be in the form of metaphor, simile or even a simple claim that a matter is unjust. Pathos can be particularily powerful if used well, but most speeches do not solely rely on pathos. Pathos is most effective way when the author or presenter demonstrates agreement with an underlying value of reader or listener.

In addition, the speaker may use pathos to appeal to fear, in order to sway the audience. Pathos may also include appeals to audience imagination and hopes; done when the speaker paints a scenario of positive future results of following the course of action proposed.


LOGOS
 Logos means persuading by the use of reasoning. This will be the most important and Aristotle's favorite about which we are going to study. Logos is logical appeal or the simulation of it, and the term logic is derived from it. It is normally used to describe facts and figures that support the speaker's topic.


In my opinion, these three modes demonstrates that how helpful it can be to be professional in  your own field to persuade anyone. In these modes it is clear that reasoning about a particular thing can gain attention of people. For example, if your product is television and you want to persuade people to buy it. For doing this you have to provide reasoning to the people that why they should buy your T.V. For example, persuade them by saying that you are giving one year warranty on this product. In this way people start to think about buying this product. So, these are the things these modes want to demonstrate. 

Let me know every one's opinion of these three modes of the persuasion. comment your thoughts on this.

source: simpsons, O. J. (n.d.). Types of persuasion. Retrieved from http://www.fountainheadpress.com/contentresources/comm_sp11.pdf

image source: (2012). modes of persuasion. (2012). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from

http://tarabromhamdesigns.wordpress.com/tag/music/

2. EFFECTIVE PERSUASION TECHNIQUES

Every we are confronted by persuasion. Businessmen, movie making studios and other person in business fields want us to buy what they are selling. because persuasion is a pervasive component of our lives. It is easy to overlook how we are influenced by outside sources. There are many techniques that can be used to persuade other side. let us discuss the techniques of persuasion below:

SELF EXPRESSION: ALIGNING INTENT AND IMPACT

The combination of good language and demeanor is best technique of persuading anyone. Our face-expression and body language must be free from disappointment and frustration so it can effect positively on the listener. The way the delegation expresses itself during the negotiations should be carefully designed to ensure that it has the intended effect example of strategic use of self expression include:

• Using confident body language and aggressive voice tones can express outrage.
• Perfect eye contact can convey significant messages.

STORY TELLING AND PAINTING PICTURES

Another effective technique of persuasion is storytelling. This include not only the spoken word. One of the most effective way to accomplish this is to place the other party in your deligation's circumstances.

• • Use vivid language to convey your delegation’s message. Present your delegation’s message in the context of a story that explains your delegation’s perceived problem and demonstrates how your delegation’s proposed action will solve the problem.

USING QUESTIONS TO GAIN ADVANTAGE:

There are several ways to gain an advantage in negotiation. Ask open-ended question to know more about the position of another party. Ask question that begins with 'who' 'whom' 'what' 'why' 'where' rather than immediately challenging the other party's position. this can allow deligation to discover what is motivating other party during the negotiation.

APPEAL TO SOCIAL NEED

Another very effective method appeals to the need to be popular, prestigious or similar to others. Television commercials are the best example of this type of persuasion. Commercials encourage people to their products even when customers not really needs them. Television advertisments are the huge source of exposure to persuasion. According to a recent survey, an average americian watches between 1,500 to 2,000 commercials about in one year on television.

RECOGNIZE AND REWARD COMPROMISES BY THE OTHER PARTY

Recognizing or choosing to not to recognize a compromise by the other party depends on the circumstances and can be an effective technique in persuading the other party. In negotiation it is critical to recognize when the other party has made a concession or compromise. The deligation may choose to recognize the compromise openly or recognize it only within the deligation's team. It is typcially a mistake to over-emaphasize the other side's concession as it may cause them to demand additional or more significant demands.

USE LOADED WORDS AND IMAGES

Persuasion also often makes use of loaded words. Advertisers are well aware of the power of positive  words, which is why so many advertisers use these words in their advertisments to persuade the customers. An intresting experiment is to view a half hour of random television programs and note every instance of persuasive advertisment. The amount of persuasive in a breif period of time can bring amazing results.

Here, we discussed techniques of persuasion in various way. In first technique it shows that self expression is very useful in persuading anyone. for example, let we imagine that two men are distributing flyers in public to enhance their business sales. One of them has very positive face expression, a smile face and wearing formal clothes. Other person is shy, nervous and not presentable. from two of those what you think is more successful in persuading people. The first guy is most likely to be more successful in persuading people cause he have good communication skills and attracting gestures. Second best persuasion technique in my opinion is that Use of loaded words and images. Why i consider this as a best persuasive technique because it can used in many ways to persuade people. We can persuade people from web if our website has proper content and images that gains people's attention. Every technique has their own importance in persuading people.


QUESTION: WHICH ONE OF THE GIVEN TECHNIQUE YOU THINK IS MORE EFFECTIVE?

2. WHAT WOULD YOU DO TO MOTIVATE SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING?

3. HOW DID YOU NEGOTIATE YOUR PARENTS TO GET A LARGER ALLOWANCE??

source: cherry, K. (2012, 1 12). Retrieved from http://psychology.about.com/od/socialpsychology/a/persuasiontech.html

video source: Effective persuasion techniques [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/video/persuasive-techniques-advertising-1166.html

1. INTRODUCTION

Persuasion is defined as the ability to use the argument or discussion in attempting to change an individual's beliefs or actions. Parents use persuasion to cajole their children into doing their homework. A team member uses persuasion to convince her technology-averse manager that instant messaging in an excellent tool to keep all team members informed about the project. Successful persuasion depends largely on the reasonableness of your request, your credibility and your ability to make the request attractive to the receiver. Persuasion is the critical skill for the business person, once you are good at it, it takes you to the height of the success.


image source:

(1997). persuasion. (1997). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://clinamen.jamesjbrownjr.net/2010/01/17/a-role-for-rhetoric-in-software-studies-part-2/persuasion/